Coins
with legend read as sri tirumalaraja, tirumalraju, ralava tirumalaraja were
assigned by various authors to Tirumalaraya of Aravidu Dynasty of Vijayanagar
Kingdom.
When Rama Raya was killed in the
Talikota battle in 1565 he immediately emptied the treasury and fled the
capital to taking with him the Royal family and the minor crown prince Sadasiva
Raya.
Tirumala
Deva Raya (reign 1565–1572 CE) was the first Crowned King of the Vijayanagara
Empire from the Aravidu Dynasty. He was the younger brother of Aliya Rama Raya
and son-in-law of Krishna Deva Raya.
He, after a few years of
hardships, reestablished the Vijaynagar rule in Penukonda, in present day
Andhra Pradesh. During this time the Southern Nayakas of Madurai and Gingee
declared partial independence, while some others rebelled over Tirumala Deva
Raya’s authority.
In 1567 he encountered another
attack by the Bijapur Sultan; this time the Sultan was defeated, but also lost
some territories. Tirumala Deva Raya later tactfully approved the new status of
Southern Nayaks, who still paid some tributes and held him as their emperor.
Tanjore and Mysore rulers still paid the annual tributes while Madurai and
Gingee rulers grudgingly followed.
Tirumala Deva Raya also retained
most of the Vijaynagar territories and assumed the title “Reviver of the
Decadent Karnataka Empire”.