The Vijayanagara Empire (also called Karnata Empire and the Kingdom of Bisnegar by the Portuguese) was based in the Deccan Plateau region in South India. It was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century.
It lasted until 1646, although its power declined after a major military defeat in 1565 by the Deccan sultanates. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surround present day Hampi, now a World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India. The writings of medieval European travelers such as Domingo Paes, Fernão Nunes, and Niccolò Da Conti, and the literature in local languages provide crucial information about its history. Archaeological excavations at Vijayanagara have revealed the empire's power and wealth.
1336–1356
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1356–1377
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Harihara Raya II
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1377–1404
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Virupaksha Raya
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1404–1405
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Bukka Raya II
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1405–1406
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Deva Raya I
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1406–1422
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1422
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Vira Vijaya Bukka Raya
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1422–1424
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1424–1446
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Mallikarjuna Raya
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1446–1465
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Virupaksha Raya II
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1465–1485
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Praudha Raya
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1485
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Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya
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1485–1491
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Thimma Bhupala
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1491
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Narasimha Raya II
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1491–1505
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Tuluva Narasa Nayaka
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1491–1503
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Vira Narasimha Raya
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1503–1509
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Krishna Deva Raya
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1509–1529
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Achyuta Deva Raya
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1529–1542
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Venkata I
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1542
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Sadasiva Raya
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1542–1570
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Aliya Rama Raya
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1542–1565
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1565–1572
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Sriranga I
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1572–1586
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Venkata II
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1586–1614
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1614
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1617–1632
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Venkata III
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1632–1642
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1642–1646
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